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This book is a comprehensive presentation of humanitarian intervention in theory and practice during the course of the nineteenth century. Through four case studies, it sheds new light on the international law debate and the political theory on intervention, linking them to ongoing issues, and paying particular attention to the lesser known Russian dimension.The book begins by tracing the genealogy of the idea of humanitarian intervention to the Renaissance, evaluating the Eurocentric gaze of the civilisation-barbarity dichotomy, and elucidates the international legal arguments of both advocates and opponents of intervention, as well as the views of major political theorists. It then goes on to examine four cases as humanitarian interventions: the Greek War of Independence (1821-31), the Lebanon and Syria (1860-61), the Bulgarian atrocities (1876-78), and the U.S. intervention in Cuba (1895-98).

Humanitarian intervention --- International Relations --- Law, Politics & Government --- History --- Intervention (International law) --- Humanitarian intervention. --- 1800 - 1899 --- Social Science / Philanthropy & Charity --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Philanthropy --- charity --- international relations --- modern history --- sociology --- Ottoman Empire --- Russia --- civilization. --- humanity. --- international law. --- intervention. --- massacres. --- non-intervention. --- sovereignty. --- tyranny.

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Der Band behandelt in einem transdisziplinären Ansatz verschiedene Aspekte der Zerstörung der Grabeskirche zu Jerusalem am 28. September 1009 auf Befehl des fatimidischen Kalifen al-Hakim in ihrem historischen Kontext. Es werden die ideologischen Ursachen und die Folgen beleuchtet und das Bauwerk selbst näher untersucht. Arabisten, Byzantinisten, Judaisten, Mediävisten, Kunsthistoriker, Orientalisten sowie Vertreter der Nordistik liefern Beiträge zu einem fachübergreifenden Diskurs. Dabei gerät zum einen das Verbindende und Gemeinsame der verschiedenen Religionen und Kulturen zunächst stärker in den Blick als die Trennlinien und Unterschiede. So waren etwa bei den christlichen Feierlichkeiten in der Grabeskirche zu Jerusalem auch zahlreiche Muslime anwesend, war die Mutter des Kalifen selbst eine Christin und wurde die Kirche nach ihrer Zerstörung von der fatimidischen Regentin Sitt al-Mulk wieder aufgebaut. Zum anderen aber wurden die Ereignisse zum Auslöser von Judenpogromen in Westeuropa, und sie begünstigten die Entstehung der Kreuzzugsideologie. Damit vertieften sie letztlich die Gräben zwischen den verschiedenen Religionen und Kulturen.

Church history --- Christian shrines --- Christian pilgrims and pilgrimages --- Church buildings --- Religious facilities --- Pogroms --- History --- Destruction and pillage --- Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh, --- Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Jerusalem) --- Church history - 11th century --- Christian shrines - Jerusalem --- Christian pilgrims and pilgrimages - Palestine - History --- Church buildings - Jerusalem --- Religious facilities - Destruction and pillage --- Jérusalem --- Saint-Sépulcre (Jérusalem) --- Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh, - Caliph of Egypt, - 985-approximately 1021 --- Pogroms. --- History. --- Destruction and pillage. --- Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh, --- Church of the Holy Sepulchre. --- Jerusalem. --- Christian holy places --- Holy places, Christian --- Shrines --- Pilgrims and pilgrimages, Christian --- Pilgrims and pilgrimages --- Destruction of religious facilities --- Pillage --- Genocide --- Jews --- Massacres --- Churches --- Buildings --- Church facilities --- Church architecture --- Persecutions --- حاكم بأمر الله، --- حكيم بعمر الله --- Church of the Holy Sepulcher (Jerusalem) --- Khram Voskresenii︠a︡ Gospodni︠a︡ v Ierusalime --- Heilige Grabeskirche zu Jerusalem --- Iglesia del Gloriosísimo Sepulcro del Señor (Jerusalem) --- Iglesia de la Resurrección del Señor (Jerusalem) --- Santo Sepolcro (Church : Jerusalem) --- Church of the Resurrection (Jerusalem) --- Basilica del Santo Sepolcro (Jerusalem) --- Basilique du Saint-Sépulcre (Jerusalem) --- P. Taphos (Jerusalem) --- Panagios Taphos (Jerusalem) --- Hieron Koinon tou P. Taphou (Jerusalem) --- Hieron Koinon tou Panagiou Taphou (Jerusalem) --- Hieros Koinos tou Panagiou Taphou (Jerusalem) --- Naos tēs Anastaseōs (Jerusalem) --- Grabeskirche in Jerusalem

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"In the early months of the German occupation during WWII, many of Europe's major cities witnessed anti-Jewish riots, anti-Semitic incidents, and even pogroms carried out by the local population. Who took part in these excesses, and what was their attitude towards the Germans? Were they guided or spontaneous? What part did the Germans play in these events and how did they manipulate them for their own benefit? Delving into the source material for Warsaw, Paris, The Hague, Amsterdam, Antwerp, and Kaunas, this study is the first to take a comparative look at these questions. Looking closely at events many would like to forget, the volume describes various characters and their stories, revealing some striking similarities and telling differences, while raising tantalising questions"--

Pogroms --- Jews --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Antisemitism --- Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) --- Persecutions --- Atrocities --- Catastrophe, Jewish (1939-1945) --- Destruction of the Jews (1939-1945) --- Extermination, Jewish (1939-1945) --- Holocaust, Nazi --- Ḥurban (1939-1945) --- Ḥurbn (1939-1945) --- Jewish Catastrophe (1939-1945) --- Jewish Holocaust (1939-1945) --- Nazi Holocaust --- Nazi persecution of Jews --- Shoʾah (1939-1945) --- Genocide --- Kindertransports (Rescue operations) --- Massacres --- Nazi persecution --- Jewish resistance --- Holocaust, Nazi (Jewish Holocaust) --- Nazi Holocaust (Jewish Holocaust) --- Nazi persecution (1939-1945) --- Amsterdam --- Anti --- Antisemitismus --- Antwerp --- Einsatzgruppen --- Europe --- Ghetto --- Hague --- Holocaust --- Jewish --- Kaunas --- Occupied --- Paris --- Riots --- Szarota --- Threshold --- Warsaw --- BPB1702 --- Juif --- Crime contre l'humanité --- Guerre --- cogadh --- háború --- karas --- rat --- karš --- luftë --- válka --- Krieg --- wojna --- војна --- war --- sota --- krig --- рат --- πόλεμος --- vojna --- война --- război --- guerra --- sõda --- oorlog --- gwerra --- ozbrojený konflikt --- relvastatud konflikt --- fegyveres konfliktus --- väpnad konflikt --- aseellinen selkkaus --- conflitto --- oružani sukob --- válečný konflikt --- conflitto armato --- invasione armata --- bewaffneter Konflikt --- konflikt i armatosur --- εμπόλεμη κατάσταση --- armed conflict --- conflit armé --- ginkluotas konfliktas --- σύρραξη --- apertura delle ostilità --- gewapend conflict --- væbnet konflikt --- bewaffnete Auseinandersetzung --- conflict armat --- relvakonflikt --- dichiarazione di guerra --- conflito armado --- conflicto armado --- ozbrojený útočný čin --- ένοπλη σύγκρουση --- вооружен судир --- zločin protiv čovječnosti --- zločin proti človečnosti --- crimen contra la humanidad --- noziegums pret cilvēci --- zbrodnia przeciwko ludzkości --- έγκλημα κατά της ανθρωπότητας --- krim kundër njerëzimit --- misdaad tegen de menselijkheid --- emberiség elleni bűncselekmény --- Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit --- crime împotriva umanității --- forbrydelse mod menneskeheden --- brott mot mänskligheten --- zločin proti ľudskosti --- crimine contro l'umanità --- crime contra a humanidade --- nusikaltimas žmogiškumui --- crime against humanity --- rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan --- trestný čin proti lidskosti --- reat kontra l-umanità --- inimsusvastane kuritegu --- престъпление против човечеството --- кривично дело против човештвото --- злочин против човечности --- coir in aghaidh an chine dhaonna --- a nemzetközi jog szerint bűncselekménynek minősülő cselekmény --- brott enligt internationell rätt --- zločin proti lidskosti --- rikos kansainvälisen oikeuden nojalla --- genocída --- folkmord --- crime de droit international --- zločin ve smyslu mezinárodního práva --- holokaust --- холокауст --- polttouhri --- genocide --- delito de Derecho internacional --- holocausto --- etnocidio --- геноцид --- tautos naikinimas --- genocidium --- emberiesség elleni bűncselekmény --- crime de direito internacional --- genocīds --- delitto contro l'umanità --- folkeretlig forbrydelse --- zločin podľa medzinárodného práva --- népirtás --- kansanmurha --- γενοκτονία --- folkrättsbrott --- кривични дела против човечноста и меѓународното право --- holokauszt --- Verstoß gegen das Völkerrecht --- krim sipas të drejtës ndërkombëtare --- génocide --- genocidas --- genocídio --- nusikaltimas tarptautinei teisei --- злостор против човештвото --- holocauste --- genocida --- crimine di diritto internazionale --- holokausts --- genocídium --- Völkermord --- noziegums, kas paredzēts starptautiskajās tiesībās --- olocausto --- rahvusvahelise õiguse vastane kuritegu --- folkedrab --- crimen de lesa humanidad --- holocaust --- Ολοκαύτωμα --- crime under international law --- Förintelsen --- genotsiid --- misdaad tegen het internationaal recht --- воено злосторство против цивилното население --- genocidio --- genocid --- έγκλημα Διεθνούς Δικαίου --- holokaustas --- jøde --- çifut --- jude --- židov --- εβραίος --- евреин --- ebrejs --- Jude --- Żydzi --- Lhudi --- žid --- jood --- evrei --- Žid --- Giúdach --- Евреин --- juut --- juutalainen --- žydas --- Јеврејин --- judío --- Jew --- judeu --- zsidó --- ebreo --- jiddis --- hebreo --- héber --- semita